If you are new to the program, program paradigms are not very important. But as you climb the stairs and begin to build complex programs and software, it is important to understand which programming paradigm is right for your project (Procedural Programming or Object-Oriented-Programming OOP).
Before we get started, it is important to know what a paradigm really is. According to many of the definitions quoted, the paradigm is a ‘collection of ideas, concepts, values, and processes that form the basis for looking at the truth in the community you share it with, especially in the field of intelligence’.
Paradigms are important as they often go hand in hand with a particular ritual of writing programs and thinking about them. In this article, we will discuss the major planning paradigms, with a special focus on the Procedural Programming paradigm.
What is Procedural Programming? [Description]
Procedural Programming may be the first planning paradigm to be studied by a new engineer. Basically, Procedural Programming is the one that directs the device directly on how to complete the task with logical steps. This paradigm uses a linear regression method and treats data and processes as two separate entities. Based on the concept call process, Procedural Programming classifies a program into processes, also known as processes or functions, containing a series of steps to be performed.
Simply put, Procedural Programming involves writing down a list of instructions to tell your computer what to do step by step to complete the task.
Key Features of Procedural Programming
The key features of the Procedural Programming are given below:
- Predefined functions: A pre-defined function is usually a command identified by a name. Usually, the aforementioned tasks are based on advanced programming languages, but are taken from a library or register, instead of a program. One example of a previously described function is ‘charAt ()’, which searches for a character’s location in a series.
- Local Variables: Local variables are variables that are declared in the main road structure and are limited to a given area range. Local variables can only be used in the specified way, and if they were to be used without the specified method, the code will stop working.
- Global Variable: A global variable is a declaratory variation in addition to all other functions defined in the code. As a result, global variables can be applied to all activities, as opposed to local variables.
- Modularity: Modularity is where two different systems have two different functions nearby but are grouped together to complete a major task first. Each program team will have its own tasks completed in sequence until all tasks are completed.
- Parameter Pass: Parameter Pass is a method used to transfer parameters to functions, substrates or processes. Pass parameters can be done by ‘pass by’, ‘pass by reference’, ‘pass by’, ‘pass by value’ and ‘pass by name’.
Advantages Of Procedural Programming
Procedural Programming comes with its own set of pros and cons, some of which are listed below.
- Procedural Programming is excellent for generally targeted programs
- Coded simplicity and ease of use of compilers and interpreters
- The large variety of textbooks and online resources available in tested algorithms, making it easy to learn along the way
- The source code is portable, therefore, it can be used to identify a different CPU
- The code can be reused in different parts of the program, without the need to copy it
- Through the Procedural Programming process, the need for memory is also reduced
- The flow of the system can be easily traced
Disadvantages Of Procedural Programming
- The program code is very difficult to write when using Procedural Programming
- The Process Code is usually not reusable, which may result in the need to re-create the code if it is required to be used in another application.
- It is difficult to relate to the things of the real world
- Significance depends on the size of the reaction on the data, which may cause problems for other data sensitive conditions
- Data is displayed throughout the system, making it less secure
There are different types of editing paradigm as we mentioned earlier, which are nothing but editing style. It is important to understand that a paradigm does not focus on a particular language but on the way the program is written. Below is a comparison between Procedural Programming and Object-Oriented Programming.
What Is Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
OOP is a planning system that sees life in the way we know it as a set of objects, working together to solve a particular problem at hand. The main thing you should know about OOP is encapsulation, which is the idea that each element in the system is self-contained, which means that all the components that make up an object are within the object itself.
Now that each module in this paradigm is self-sufficient, objects can be taken from a single system and used to solve another existing problem with little or no change.
Benefits of OOP
- Due to modularity and encapsulation, OOP provides easy management
- OOP mimics the real world, making it easy to understand
- Since objects are complete within them, they can be reused in other applications
Disadvantages of OOP
- Object-focused applications tend to slow down and use a high amount of memory
- Normal performance
- Programs built using this paradigm may take a long time to create
Procedural Programming vs Object-Oriented Programming: Head-to-Head Comparison
On the other hand, Procedural Programming, unlike OOP, focuses on the steps that will be taken to complete the task, rather than the interaction between objects. Tasks are divided into subroutines, dynamics and data structures. At any time, these processes can be called within the system configuration.
| Procedural Programming | Object-Oriented Programming |
| Uses immutable data | Uses mutable data |
| Follows the declarative programming model | Follows the imperative programming model |
| Extends support to parallel programming | Not suitable for parallel programming |
| The execution order of statements is not the primary focus | The execution order of statements is very important |
| Flow control is performed using function calls | Flow control is performed through conditional statements and loops |
| Uses recursion concept to iterate collective data | Uses loop concept to iterate collection data |
| No such side-effects of its functions | The method can have certain side-effects |
| The focus in Procedural Programming is on ‘What You are Doing’ | The focus in Object-Oriented Programming is on ‘How You are Doing It’ |
What is Functional Programming?
Another widely used planning paradigm is Functional Programming. Functional Programming differs in that it differs from both Process Planning and Focused Planning as it uses mathematical functions. In this case, the functions are performed only on the basis of the included elements and do not depend on temporary or hidden variables.
Advantages Of Functional Programming
- Functional Programming provides a secure environment
- While many other languages require a lot of knowledge in order to perform tasks correctly, task scheduling eliminates the need for a large number of code required to define provinces.
- Since this paradigm relies solely on input arguments, there are no adverse effects
Disadvantages Of Functional Programming
- Using only the operating system for commercial software development is not recommended and done
- It requires a great deal of memory and time
- It may seem less effective than other paradigms
Conclusion
As we have said throughout this article, Procedural Programming is more than just doing what you do. It is a standard method used in many computer languages such as C, Pascal, and BASIC. Although there is no perfect editing paradigm, it is important to understand that the correct paradigm will always depend on the type of language you use and the program you wish to create.
It is advised that in order to achieve high results and a strong portfolio, one must be proficient in all major program paradigms. The best way to try to get better at the programming paradigms is to try, and CodingSutra can help you with that.
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